Pankhani yolumikizirana ndi matelefoni, kulumikizana pakati pa data, komanso mayendedwe amakanema, fiber optic cabling ndiyofunika kwambiri. Komabe, zoona zake n'zakuti ma fiber optic cabling salinso njira yopezera ndalama kapena zotheka kukhazikitsa pa ntchito iliyonse. Choncho kugwiritsa ntchito Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) pofuna kukulitsa mphamvu ya fiber pazitsulo zomwe zilipo ndizofunika kwambiri. WDM ndiukadaulo womwe umachulukitsa ma siginecha angapo pamtundu umodzi pogwiritsa ntchito mafunde osiyanasiyana a kuwala kwa laser. Kuphunzira mwachangu kwa minda ya WDM kudzayikidwa pa CWDM ndi DWDM. Zimakhazikitsidwa pa lingaliro lomwelo la kugwiritsa ntchito mafunde angapo a kuwala pa ulusi umodzi. Koma onse ali ndi ubwino ndi kuipa kwawo.
CWDM ndi chiyani?
CWDM imathandizira mpaka 18 wavelength njira zofalitsidwa kudzera mu ulusi nthawi imodzi. Kuti mukwaniritse izi, mafunde osiyanasiyana a njira iliyonse ndi 20nm motalikirana. DWDM, imathandizira mpaka mayendedwe 80 munthawi imodzi, ndipo tchanelo chilichonse chimakhala chosiyana ndi 0.8nm. Ukadaulo wa CWDM umapereka yankho losavuta komanso lotsika mtengo lamtunda waufupi mpaka ma kilomita 70. Kwa mtunda wapakati pa 40 ndi 70 makilomita, CWDM imakonda kukhala yothandiza mayendedwe asanu ndi atatu.
Dongosolo la CWDM nthawi zambiri limathandizira mafunde asanu ndi atatu pa ulusi uliwonse ndipo limapangidwira kulumikizana kwakanthawi kochepa, pogwiritsa ntchito ma frequency otalikirana ndi mafunde omwe amafalikira kutali.
Popeza CWDM imachokera ku 20-nm channel spacing kuchokera ku 1470 mpaka 1610 nm, nthawi zambiri imayikidwa pamtunda wa 80km kapena kucheperapo chifukwa ma amplifiers owoneka sangathe kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi njira zazikulu zotalikirana. Kutalikirana kumeneku kwa ma tchanelo kumalola kugwiritsa ntchito ma optics amtengo wapatali. Komabe, mphamvu zamalumikizidwe komanso mtunda wothandizidwa ndizochepa ndi CWDM kuposa ndi DWDM.
Nthawi zambiri, CWDM imagwiritsidwa ntchito pamtengo wotsika, mphamvu yotsika (sub-10G) ndi ntchito zazifupi zakutali komwe mtengo ndi chinthu chofunikira.
Posachedwapa, mitengo ya zigawo zonse za CWDM ndi DWDM yakhala yofanana. Mafunde a CWDM pakali pano amatha kunyamula mpaka 10 Gigabit Ethernet ndi 16G Fiber Channel, ndipo ndizokayikitsa kuti mwayiwu uwonjezeke mtsogolo.
Kodi DWDM ndi chiyani?
Mosiyana ndi CWDM, malumikizidwe a DWDM amatha kukulitsidwa ndipo, motero, angagwiritsidwe ntchito potumiza deta mtunda wautali kwambiri.
M'makina a DWDM, kuchuluka kwa mayendedwe ophatikizika ndizovuta kwambiri kuposa CWDM chifukwa DWDM imagwiritsa ntchito malo otalikirapo otalikirapo kuti agwirizane ndi njira zambiri pa fiber imodzi.
M'malo mwa 20 nm channel spacing yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito mu CWDM (yofanana ndi pafupifupi 15 miliyoni GHz), machitidwe a DWDM amagwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana zomwe zimachokera ku 12.5 GHz mpaka 200 GHz mu C-Band ndipo nthawi zina L-band.
Makina amasiku ano a DWDM amathandizira mayendedwe 96 otalikirana ndi 0.8 nm mkati mwa 1550 nm C-Band sipekitiramu. Chifukwa cha izi, machitidwe a DWDM amatha kutumiza unyinji wa data kudzera mu ulalo umodzi wa ulusi pomwe amalola kuti mafunde ambiri atengeke pa ulusi womwewo.
DWDM ndi yabwino kwambiri pamalumikizidwe otalikirapo mpaka 120 km ndi kupitilira apo chifukwa chotha kugwiritsa ntchito zida zokulitsa zowoneka bwino, zomwe zimatha kukulitsa mtengo wake wonse wa 1550 nm kapena C-band spectrum womwe umagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu DWDM. Izi zimagonjetsa kutalikirana kwakutali kapena mtunda ndipo zikalimbikitsidwa ndi Erbium Doped-Fiber Amplifiers (EDFAs), machitidwe a DWDM amatha kunyamula deta yochuluka kudutsa maulendo ataliatali omwe amatha kufika makilomita mazana kapena zikwi zambiri.
Kuphatikiza pa kuthekera kothandizira kuchuluka kwa kutalika kwa mafunde kuposa CWDM, mapulatifomu a DWDM amathanso kuthana ndi ma protocol othamanga kwambiri monga ogulitsa ambiri opanga zida zoyendera masiku ano amathandizira 100G kapena 200G pa kutalika kwa mtunda pomwe matekinoloje omwe akubwera akuloleza 400G ndi kupitilira apo.
DWDM vs CWDM wavelength sipekitiramu:
CWDM ili ndi malo otalikirapo a tchanelo kuposa DWDM -- kusiyana kwadzina kwafupipafupi kapena kutalika kwa mafunde pakati pa matchanelo awiri oyandikana nawo.
Makina a CWDM nthawi zambiri amanyamula mafunde asanu ndi atatu okhala ndi malo otalikirana ndi tchanelo wa 20 nm mu gridi ya sipekitiramu kuchokera pa 1470 nm mpaka 1610 nm.
Komano, machitidwe a DWDM amatha kunyamula 40, 80, 96 kapena mpaka 160 wavelengths pogwiritsa ntchito malo ocheperako a 0.8/0.4 nm (100 GHz/50 GHz grid). Mafunde a DWDM nthawi zambiri amachokera ku 1525 nm mpaka 1565 nm (C-band), ndi makina ena amathanso kugwiritsa ntchito mafunde kuchokera ku 1570 nm mpaka 1610 nm (L-band).
Ubwino wa CWDM:
1. Mtengo Wotsika
CWDM ndi yotsika mtengo kwambiri kuposa DWDM chifukwa cha mtengo wa hardware. Dongosolo la CWDM limagwiritsa ntchito ma lasers oziziritsa omwe ndi otsika mtengo kwambiri kuposa ma lasers osakhazikika a DWDM. Kuphatikiza apo, Mtengo wa ma transceivers a DWDM nthawi zambiri umakhala wokwera kanayi kapena kasanu kuposa ma module awo a CWDM. Ngakhale ndalama zogwirira ntchito za DWDM ndizokwera kuposa CWDM. Chifukwa chake CWDM ndi chisankho chabwino kwa iwo omwe ali ndi malire pazandalama.
2. Chofunikira cha Mphamvu
Poyerekeza ndi CWDM, mphamvu zofunikira pa DWDM ndizokwera kwambiri. Monga ma lasers a DWDM limodzi ndi ma monitor omwe amalumikizana nawo amawononga pafupifupi 4 W pa kutalika kwake. Pakadali pano, chotumizira laser cha CWDM chosasungunuka chimagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu pafupifupi 0.5 W. CWDM ndiukadaulo wosagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zamagetsi. Ili ndi zotsatira zabwino zachuma kwa ogwiritsa ntchito intaneti.
3. Ntchito Yosavuta
Makina a CWDM amagwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wosavuta potengera DWDM. Imagwiritsa ntchito LED kapena Laser mphamvu. Zosefera mafunde a machitidwe a CWDM ndi ochepa komanso otsika mtengo. Chifukwa chake ndizosavuta kuyika ndikuzigwiritsa ntchito.
Ubwino wa DWDM:
1. Kusintha Mokweza
DWDM ndi yosinthika komanso yolimba potengera mitundu ya fiber. Kusintha kwa DWDM ku mayendedwe a 16 ndizotheka pazitsulo zonse za G.652 ndi G.652.C. Poyambirira chifukwa chakuti DWDM nthawi zonse imagwiritsa ntchito chigawo chochepa cha fiber. Ngakhale machitidwe a 16 a CWDM amaphatikizapo kufalitsa m'dera la 1300-1400nm, kumene kuchepetsedwa kumakhala kokwera kwambiri.
2. Scalability
Mayankho a DWDM amalola kukweza mumayendedwe a mayendedwe asanu ndi atatu mpaka pamayendedwe a 40. Amalola kuchuluka kwakukulu kokwanira pa fiber kuposa yankho la CWDM.
3. Kutalika Kwambiri Kupatsirana
DWDM imagwiritsa ntchito gulu la 1550 wavelength lomwe limatha kukulitsidwa pogwiritsa ntchito ma amplifiers odziwika bwino (EDFA's). Imawonjezera kufala kwa mtunda wa makilomita mazana.
Chithunzi chotsatira chidzakupatsani chithunzithunzi cha kusiyana pakati pa CWDM ndi DWDM.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jun-14-2022